Views: 2 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2022-02-11 Origin: Site
Judgment of polyester-cotton composition and cost ratio
As we all know, cotton and polyester are the two main components of textile fabrics, and cotton and polyester fabrics are the two most widely used fabrics in our textile and garment industry.
In order to save costs and improve strength, more polyester-cotton blended fabrics are now used, and the different content ratios of polyester and cotton directly affect the appearance, physical properties and price of the fabric.
Now we use the following simple and effective methods to briefly explain:
1. Observe the appearance
As we all know, polyester is a kind of chemical fiber, the surface is smoother than cotton and the reflective surface is larger. Therefore, the surface of all polyester cloth is smooth and has the luster of chemical fiber. Relatively speaking, all cotton cloth is matte, and all polyester cloth and all Cotton is easier to separate out.
However, the polyester-cotton blended fabric currently produced is made of polyester staple fiber and cotton blended yarn. One of the purposes is to make the polyester-cotton fabric have a cotton-like appearance. But if it is polyester-cotton grey cloth, the more cotton on the cloth, the yellower the color, and the higher the cotton composition.
2. Difference in feel
Polyester cloth has a smooth, straight and cold feeling, while cotton cloth has a soft, easy-to-fold and warm feeling. As above, polyester-cotton staple fiber blended cloth with high cotton content is difficult to judge accurately by hand.
3. Combustion method
This is the main method for judging the composition and proportion of polyester and cotton. There are two concepts here, the first is to judge the composition, and the second is to judge the composition ratio. Obviously, it is more difficult to judge the proportion of ingredients.
Judgment ratio is realized by two-pole analysis method and comparative analysis method
First of all, let's look at the characteristics of the burning of cotton and polyester. Then, when the polyester-cotton blended fabric in the middle burns, the characteristics must be biased in the middle of the performance characteristics of cotton and polyester. So as to determine the approximate ratio.
Then through the comparative analysis method, the proportion of components is further determined. It is to compare and burn a cloth with a known proportion, so that the proportion can be judged more accurately. The polyester/cotton 65/35 blended fabric we produce and sell has been chemically tested by a third party, and the actual ratio is polyester/cotton 65.5/34.5, which can be used as a comparison reference. The proportion of conventional varieties on the market is mostly polyester-cotton 40/60, 45/55, 65/35, 80/20 and other specifications.
So what characteristics do we observe when burning?
1. Smoke, the smoke produced by burning non-dyed cotton cloth is blue smoke or white smoke, while the polyester cloth is black smoke. The polyester-cotton blended fabric is black smoke with black flying floc, the higher the polyester content, the darker the smoke and the less flying floc.
2. Smell, the cotton cloth has a burning paper smell, the polyester cloth has a pungent burning glue smell, and the polyester-cotton blended fabric is also acrid burning glue smell.
3. The burning speed and state, the cotton cloth is flammable, and it will continue to be accompanied by hidden sparks after it is extinguished. The polyester cloth is non-flammable, and the hot melt drips fire. The polyester-cotton blended fabric is between the two. The more bright sparks appear when burning, the larger the area, and the longer the sparks smouldering time after extinguishing, the more cotton it contains.
4. Burning residue, the non-dyed cotton cloth is gray-white ash, which melts when touched, and the polyester cloth is hard black agglomeration, and the surface is smooth. The polyester-cotton blended fabric is between the two, with black hard lumps, and the surface is not smooth. It will be crushed but not completely melted by rolling. The more polyester it contains, the harder the residue and the smoother the surface.
By comparing the above aspects with the standard polyester-cotton 65/35 or 80/20, the approximate composition ratio can be judged.
Finally, it should be noted that the combustion experiment should be carried out in a safe environment, and toxic gases may be generated during combustion, so pay attention to protection.
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