What is the difference between fibre, yarn and fabric?

What is Textile fibre?

A fiber is the most basic building block of a fabric.Think of them as the original source of the fabric. Fibers are usually much longer than they are wide. Usually,fibers are materials several hundred times longer than their diameter! Fibers differ according to several properties,including: Flexibility,cohesiveness,strength,elasticity,fineness,durability and luster.

Criteria of textile fibre:

1.Spin ability or spunable.

2.Length to width ratio ( 1000 times greater than width).

3.Sufficient Strength.

4.Flexibility.

5.Dyeing Ability.

6.Cohesiveness.

7.Ability to resist, and so on.

Classification of Textile fibre

1.Natural fibre:

The fibre is derived directly from nature we can call it natural fibres.Here are some Fibre examples,such as cotton,silk,and flax,which naturally exist in nature in fibrous form.Natural Fibres can divide into three groups based on a variety of sources.Example as:-

a) Vegetable fibre:

Vegetable fibre is directly derived from natural pure cellulose,which does not require any artificial processing to bring it into Fibre form. The source of this fibre is tree bark,seeds,etc.There are 3 types of vegetable Fibre.The classification of  Vegetable fibre are as:

i.Seed fibre:Cotton,Kapok,Coir.

ii. Bast fibre:Jute,Flax,Remie.

iii. Leaf fibre:Abaca,Sisal.

b) Animal fibre:

Animal fibre ranks second among natural fibres in terms of usages.Animal fibre contains protein fibre-rich in wool and other fibres-most animal proteins made,Where the protein acts as the central structural unit.Such as:Wool,and Slik.

c) Mineral fibre:

Mineral Fibre produces from various mineral ores for a particular use.The fibres which are formed by spinning or drawing molten mineral is called mineral fibre.Such as asbestos, graphite fibre.

2.Man-Made fibre:

A fibre that doesn’t obtain from nature is called man-made fibre.It does not derive directly from nature.There are two types of synthetic fibres.Types of  man-made fibre are as:

a) Re-generated fibre:

Fibre from a solution of a natural polymer and having the same chemical constitution as the natural polymer from which the solution was made is called regenerated fibre.Example:Triacetate,Acetate,Viscose Rayon.

Two types of re-generated fibre:

Re-generated Cellulose Fibre

Re-generated Protein Fibre

b) Synthetic fibre:

The fibre obtained by chemical synthesis is called synthetic fibre.It produces entirely in the laboratory by chemicals.Therefore there is no saturation of nature.It contains elements like carbon and hydrogen in place of cellulose which means organic compounds are formed in fibre.Example:Nylon,Polyester.

There are some more synthetic fibres,such as Rubber,metallic Fibre,minerals,etc.

What is Yarn?

Yarn is a length of fibers.That’s the simplest way to explain it.It is a continuous length of fibers that are interlocked,and it’s used to produce fabrics,as well as in crocheting,knitting,embroidery,and ropemaking.This means that we can split yarn into two different categories.The thread that is used for embroidery or in sewing machines,as well as yarn (commonly known as balls-of-wool) used in crafts such as knitting or crocheting,are long lengths that are bought as yarns.The alternative would be a yarn which is then knitted or woven into a fabric.The textile is then bought as fabric,in lengths,rather than the yarn itself being purchased separately.

What is Yarn Made From?

Yarn can be made from a variety of different fibers.This includes both natural and synthetic fibers.The most common plant fiber is cotton,however,you can also use other natural fibers such as bamboo.Alongside cotton,synthetic polyester fiber makes up the two most commonly used fibers.Animal fibers are also often used,such as wool, harvested from sheep,as well as cashmere (harvested from goats) Angora (from rabbits),and silk (from insect larvae).

What is the Difference Between Spun and Filament Yarn?

Spun yarn is made by twisting staple fibers together in either an S or Z twist,to make a single thread.The process of twisting the fibers together into yarn is called spinning and it was one of the first processes to be industrialized.Spun yarns can contain a single type of fiber,or you can spin various types of fiber together to give you a blend.Filament yarn is made up of filament fibers that are either twisted together or simply grouped together.It can either be composed of one filament,which is called a monofilament,or it could be made of more than one,in which case it would be known as a multifilament.This can be as few as two or three filament fibers,or even up to 50,or more.

What is Fabric?

Fabric is the sheet produce from weaving or knitting by spinning yarn obtained in different ways.Such as pulling a series of threads and creating a series of foreign yarns by right angles to each other or by forming loops side by side.The fabric is divided into four parts.

Classification of Fabric

1.Woven fabric:

Manufactured by the interlacement of warp and weft yarn is a woven fabric.Where a bunch of yarn makes these lines producing the warp lines and their interlace along with the ends being laced together at 90 degrees so as to make your woven fabric.Canvas, flannel,georgette,khadi,muslin,Kashmiri,and so on;are examples of woven fabric.

2.Knit fabric:

Manufactured by interloping from a single set of yarn of thread. Knit fabric basically is a string off on it; so looped is lattice-like structure higher each line or each line of Yarn could be a  looped together essentially to make your knit fabric.Some of the examples of Knit fabric are Lycra Rib,Interlock Fabric,PK or Lacoste,etc.

3.Non-Woven fabric:

The fabric which doesn’t obtain from weaving nor knitting.It’s manufactured by a special kind of chemical or glue mixture. Nonwoven fabrics are manufactured by using heat pressure or moisture on fibres. There’s no grainline on nonwovens.It’s usually more cost-effective to make.But they’re not quite common in clothing you may usually see them in costumes or other little things as accessories. The best example of Non-Woven fabrics is Surgical masks, sanitary napkins, baby diapers, coffee bags, and so on.

4.Braided fabric:

Manufactured from more than two fibre.Braiding could be a simple sort of narrow fabric construction.A braid looks like a rope, a thing that’s produced by interweaving three or more yarns. Strips or lengths during a diagonally overlapping pattern.It uses for various industrial applications.It has good elongation characteristics and is very fillable curving around edges nicely.Caps,handbags,lace belts,etc.,are examples of braided fabrics.