English Views: 4 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2022-10-28 Origin: Site
The raw material source of synthetic fiber is wide, the RESOURCE is rich, IT is not limited by the natural plant resources, has expanded to the simplest, the most abundant gas, liquid and mineral. Such as coal, oil, natural gas and so on are synthetic fiber starting raw materials. These substances, after chemical treatment to extract some basic chemical raw materials. Acetylene, ethylene, propylene, benzene, xylene, and then through chemical synthesis and filament-drawing processing, made like cotton, wool, silk as textile fibers.
Synthetic fibers are made of synthetic polymer compounds, commonly used synthetic fibers are polyester, nylon, eyefiber, chlorinated fiber, vinylon, oxygen and so on.
1. Polyester: The scientific name of polyester is polyethylene terephthalate, referred to as polyester fiber. Polyester is the commodity name of our country,
Polyester has become the first chemical fiber due to its easy availability, excellent performance, wide use and rapid development.
The biggest characteristic of polyester is that its elasticity is stronger than any fiber; Good strength and wear resistance, the fabric woven by it is not only fastness 3~4 times higher than other fibers, but also crisp, not easy to deformation, with the reputation of "hot"; The heat resistance of polyester is also strong; It has good chemical stability, and will not act with weak acid, weak base and oxidant under normal temperature. The disadvantage is that the moisture absorption is extremely poor, and the fabric woven by it is boring and breathless. In addition, due to the smooth surface of the fiber, the holding force between the fibers is poor, and the place of frequent friction is easy to bridle and knot.
2. Nylon: nylon is the commodity name of our country, its scientific name is polyamide fiber; There are nylon -66, nylon - 1010, nylon -6 and other different varieties.
Nylon is the world's earliest synthetic fiber varieties, due to excellent performance, rich raw material resources, so has been the highest yield of synthetic fiber varieties. It was only after 1970 that polyester fibers were relegated to second place as synthetic fibers due to the rapid development of polyester fibers.
The biggest feature of nylon is high strength, good wear resistance, its strength and wear resistance in the first of all fibers. The disadvantages of nylon and polyester, moisture absorption and permeability are poor. In the dry environment, nylon is easy to produce static electricity, short fiber fabric is also easy to fuzz, pilling. Nylon heat resistance, light resistance is not good enough, ironing temperature should be controlled below 140℃. In addition, the shape preservation of nylon is poor, and the clothes made of it are not as crisp and easy to deform as polyester. But it can be attached to the body, is a good material to make a variety of body clothes.
3. Acrylic: Acrylic is the domestic commodity name, its scientific name is polyacrylonitrile fiber.
The appearance of acrylic is white, curly, fluffy, soft, like wool, mostly used to blend with wool or as a substitute for wool, so it is also known as "synthetic wool" acrylic moisture absorption is not good enough, but wetness is better than wool, silk fiber. Its wear resistance is poor in synthetic fiber, acrylic fiber ironing withstand temperature below 130℃.
4. Vinylon: The scientific name of Vinylon is polyvinyl alcohol formaldehyde fiber.
Vinylon is white as snow and soft as cotton, so it is often used as a substitute for natural cotton, known as "synthetic cotton". The moisture absorption of vinylon is the best among synthetic fibers. In addition, the wear resistance, light resistance and corrosion resistance of vinylon are better.
5. Chlorofibre: The scientific name of chlorofibre is polyvinyl chloride fiber.
chlorofibre has many advantages, strong resistance to chemical corrosion; Thermal conductivity is worse than wool, therefore, thermal insulation is strong; High electrical insulation, flame retardant. In addition, it has a prominent advantage, that is, the underwear woven into it can treat rheumatoid arthritis or other injuries, and no irritation or damage to the skin. The disadvantage of chlorinated fiber is also more prominent, that is, the heat resistance is very poor.
6. Spandex: the scientific name of spandex is polyurethane elastic fiber,
It is a kind of chemical fiber with special elastic properties, has been industrialized production, and has become the fastest growing elastic fiber.
Spandex has excellent elasticity. The strength is 2~3 times higher than latex silk, the linear density is finer, and it is more resistant to chemical degradation. Polyurethane acid and alkali resistance, sweat resistance, seawater resistance, dry cleaning resistance, wear resistance are good. Polyurethane fiber is generally not used alone, but a small amount of mixed into the fabric, such as with other fibers or made into core yarn, used for weaving elastic fabric.
In clothing fabrics, synthetic fiber lining commonly used are nylon silk spinning, nylon silk, polyester silk, etc. They are light lining varieties woven with nylon or polyester filament. It is one of the most widely used clothing linings at home and abroad.
This kind of synthetic fiber material is generally based on plain color, there are also printed and small jacquard varieties, their biggest advantages are high strength, wear resistance, no shrinkage, smooth, easy to take off. General clothing can use this kind of material, both soft and smooth. Tight nylon spinning can also be used as the fabric and lining of down jackets.
The biggest disadvantage of synthetic fiber lining is that it is easy to produce static electricity, hygroscopic and air permeability are poor, and the filament fabric is smooth, but it is also easy to take off.
